“離離暑云散,裊裊涼風(fēng)起。池上秋又來(lái),荷花半成子?!薄吨袊?guó)天文年歷》顯示,8月23日11時(shí)16分迎來(lái)2022年“處暑”節(jié)氣。
天象預(yù)報(bào)
處暑——白露
太陽(yáng)
在獅子座運(yùn)行。目前太陽(yáng)活動(dòng)性不強(qiáng),太陽(yáng)正面有數(shù)群小黑子,可通過(guò)帶減光的望遠(yuǎn)鏡觀測(cè)。
月亮
8月29水星合月,日暮后在西方的低空,可以看到水星與一枚2.1月齡的小月牙同框出現(xiàn),值得觀賞。
水星
昏星,在室女座順行。8月28日水星東大距,與太陽(yáng)的角距離達(dá)27.3°,日落后出現(xiàn)在西偏南方向的低空,觀測(cè)條件很好。
金星
從巨蟹座順行至獅子座。與太陽(yáng)的角距離持續(xù)減小,黎明前出現(xiàn)在東偏北方向的低空,肉眼可以觀測(cè)。
火星
在金牛座順行。8月27日火星西方照,午夜升起,后半夜至黎明前都可以觀測(cè)。
木星
從鯨魚(yú)座逆行至雙魚(yú)座。夜晚8點(diǎn)左右升起,后半夜至黎明前都可以觀測(cè)。
土星
在摩羯座逆行。入夜即從東南方升起,整夜都可以觀測(cè)。
小知識(shí)
8月23日02:55,第4號(hào)小行星——灶神星沖日。沖日是指太陽(yáng)系內(nèi)的天體的地心視黃經(jīng)與太陽(yáng)相差180度時(shí)的特定位置,灶神星目前位于寶瓶座,亮度為5.8等左右,入夜后從東南方升起,可借助雙筒望遠(yuǎn)鏡或小型天文望遠(yuǎn)鏡對(duì)其進(jìn)行觀測(cè)。
灶神星是太陽(yáng)系最大的小行星之一,平均直徑525千米,是德國(guó)天文學(xué)家海因里希· 奧伯斯在1807年3月29日發(fā)現(xiàn)的。灶神星軌道半長(zhǎng)徑2.362天文單位,離心率0.089,軌道傾角7.14°,繞日公轉(zhuǎn)周期3.63年,位于小行星主帶之中。
灶神星據(jù)信有著與地球類(lèi)似的核幔殼結(jié)構(gòu),是認(rèn)識(shí)類(lèi)地行星起演化的理想研究對(duì)象,也是深空探測(cè)的重要目標(biāo)之一。目前科學(xué)家搜集到約2600塊來(lái)自灶神星的隕石,這使得科學(xué)家對(duì)灶神星的地質(zhì)歷史和結(jié)構(gòu)有較深入的研究。根據(jù)其巖石學(xué)和礦物學(xué)特征,灶神星隕石分為:古銅鈣長(zhǎng)無(wú)球粒隕石(howardite)、鈣長(zhǎng)輝長(zhǎng)無(wú)球粒隕石(eucrite)和紫蘇輝石無(wú)球粒隕石(diogenite),合稱HED無(wú)球粒隕石。
The End of Heat
The End of Heat (Chushu in Chinese) is the 14th solar term of the traditional Chinese calendar. This year it falls on August 23rd at 11:16 (Beijing Time) when the Sun reaches a longitude of 150o. The End of Heat reflects the temperature changing. The canicular day of the year will end on August 25th, which means the intense heat days finally come to an end.
Astronomical Forecast
End of Heat ? White Dew
⊙
The Sun
The sun travels in Leo. Currently, solar activity is low, with a few groups of small sunspots on its surface. They can be observed through a telescope with a safe solar filter.
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The Moon
On August 29th, Mercury is at conjunction with the moon. Appearing low in the western sky after sunset , Mercury can be seen with a crescent moon aged 2.1 days.
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Mercury
Mercury travels in prograde motion in Virgo and appears as an “evening star”. On August 28th, Mercury reaches its greatest eastern elongation, with an maximum angular separation of 27.3o to the sun, and is easiest to see in the low southwestern sky after sunset.
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Venus
Venus travels in prograde motion from Cancer to Leo. Its angular distance to the Sun continues to decrease. It appears low in the east by north as a “morning star” before sunrise and can be spotted with the naked eye.
♂
Mars
Mars travels in prograde motion in Taurus. It reaches western quadrature on August 27th. It rises at midnight and can be seen until dawn.
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Jupiter
Jupiter travels in retrograde motion from Cetus to Pisces. It rises around 8 p.m. and can be observed from midnight to dawn.
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Saturn
Saturn travels in retrograde motion in Capricornus. It rises from the south-eastern sky in the evening and can be observed all night.
輪值主編:趙海斌
制作、編輯:王科超
英文版設(shè)計(jì):朱曼清
(金陵中學(xué))ZHU manqing